Rare Diseases & Orphan Drug

Streptococcal pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Fluoroquinolones are one of the mainstay drugs for treatment of these infections. However emerging resistance poses a threat to the class’s future utility. Using Monte Carlo simulation, we evaluated the probable effi cacy of Ciprofl oxacin, Levofl oxacin, Gemifl oxacin, Garenoxacin, and Moxifl oxacin in eradicating infections and preventing continued growth of resistance. Using patient data from strep pneumonia patients in hospitals and MIC data from the cross study; drug regimens were compared to see the likelihood of attaining fAUC0-24/ MI Call ratios depicting goal clinical outcomes. Very few regimens are able to prevent further growth of resistant organisms when ParC mutations have occurred. Only garenoxacin and Moxifl oxacin were able to eradicate extremely resistant isolates in serum and ELF respectively.